Basic terms:

Dock

Folder & views

Trash

Application & switching through them

Menus

Apple menu – sleep, shut down, force quit

Save, save as

Flash drive, ejecting & emptying trash on flash drives

CD-rom & volume adjustments

The basics:

Palettes & tear-offs

Tools

Artboard

Object

Paths

Anchor point

Fill

Stroke

The tools:

Selection (v)

Direct selection (a)

Rectangle (m)

Ellipse

Paintbrush (b)

Pencil (n)

Hand (spacebar)

Zoom (z)

Group/ungroup

Bring to back/front

Undo (apple z)